Manufacture of drills



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O. VAN HAAGEN. MANUFACTURE OF DRILLS.

No 296,254. Patented Apr. 1, 1884.

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No. 296,254. Patented Apr. 1, 1884.

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MANUFACTURE OF DRILLS.

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I MANUFACTURE OF DRILLS. No. 296,254.- Patented Apr. 1, 1884.

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MANUFACTURE OF DRILL$.

No.296,254. Patented Apr.1,1884."

UNITED STATES PATENT @FHQE.

OLAUS VAX HAAGEN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

MANUFACTURE OF DRILLS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 296,254, dated April 1, 1884.

Application filed August 6, 1883. (No model.)

To ctZZ whom it may concern: Be it known that I, Grace VAN Hansen, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in the Manufacture of Drills, of which the following is a specification. The object of my invention is to rapidly and economically produce by forging drills such as are known as twist-drillsf and this oblo jectl attain in the manner hereinafter set forth,

reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figures 1, 2, 8, 4c and 5, Sheet 1, are diagrams illustrating the method of forging twistdrills in accordance with my invention; Fig. 6, Sheet 2, a side elevation of a machine for making drills in accordance with my invention; Fig. 7 Sheet 1, a sectional plan of part of Fig. 6 on the line 12; Fig. 8, Sheet 3, a face view of the machine with the cap-plate removed and part shown in section; Fig. 9, Sheet 4., a transverse section of the machine on the line 3 4, Fig. 6; Fig. 10', Sheet 5, a transverse section on the line 5 6, Fig. 6; Fig. 11, Sheet 6, a sectional plan, on an enlarged scale, on the line 7 8, Fig. 6; Fig. 12, Sheet 7, a plan view of the machine on a reduced scale; and Figs. 13, 14, 15, and 16, detached views of parts of the machine.

An understanding of the process forming part of my invention maybe had on reference to Figs. 1 to 5, which illustrate the manner of forging the drill. A rod, A, is first prepared,

and this rod, properly heated, is introduced between a pair of clamping-dies, B B, in which are recesses (Z, forming openings for the passage of the opposite hammers D D. The dies being closed upon the rod, so as to firmly retain the same, the hammers are thrust through the openings and caused to indent the opposite sides of the red, as shown in Fig. 3, the

ends of the hammers being rounded to accord with the desired shape of the grooves in the drill, and the said hammers being inclined in accordance with the pitch of the spiral groove of the drill. After acting upon the rod, the hammers are retracted and the dies B B opened, as shown in Fig. 4, thus releasing the rod, which is now moved forward to a limited extent, and at the same time slightly turned, the dies then closing and the hammers acting as before. By repeating these operations opposite spiral grooves will be formed in the rod,

as shown in Fig. 5, the pitch of the grooves depending upon the inclination of the hammers and. the feed of the rod and their depth upon the extent of the inward thrust of the hammers. This inward thrust is controlled so that at the commencement of the operation the rod A will be but slightly indented, the thrust being gradually increased'as the rod is moved backward and forward through the clampingdies until a groove of the proper depth is formed. The rod A is preferably of hexagonal, octagonal, or oval crosssection, so that while the dies can clamp the same vertically the rod will not fill the opening in the dies, but will be free to expand as it is indented by the hammers. It is not absolutely essential that the rod should have a definite turning as well as a longitudinal movement imparted to it, as the turning movement may be effected by the action of the inclined hammers after the formation of the groove has been started. Itis preferable, however, to impart a spiral feed to the drill-rod in order to insure accuracy in the formation of the groove.

The organized machine for making drills in accordance with my invention is shown in Figs. 6 to 16, in which D D represent the hammers carried by slides c'a, operated by eccentrics a a on the driving-shaft F, and adapted to suitable guides in the frame G of the machine, the slide a being forked, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, so as to provide an opening for the clamping-dies B B, and the slide a being arranged at one side of the slide a, but having a portion projecting into the central recess of the latter, so that the two hammers operate in line with each other, as shown in Fig. 7. The throw of the slides and hammers is uniform, being determined by the eccentrics c but in order to vary the extent to which the hammers are caused to indent the drill-rod, I make said hammers adj ustable in respect to the slides by means shown in Figs. 7, 8, and 11. The stem of each hammer is threaded and adapted to a nut, b, confined longitudinally to, but free to turn in, the hammer-slide, and having aworm-wheel, e, to which is adapted a worm, c, on a shaft carried by the slide, and having a bevel-wheel, 6 These bevelwheels e gear into bevel-pinions f, which are confined to brackets f on the slides, Fig. 8, and are adapted to a shaft, 9, I turned the nut q will be rotated, so as to feed. which is longitudinally confined to a bearing, I the stem of the chuck forward or backward,

9, Fig. 11, on the frame, but is free to be rotated by means of bevel-gearing g and a shaft, 9', the latter being adapted to bearings in a projection, 9 of .the frame, and being furnished with a suitable hand-wheel. The pinions f are free to move to and fro on the shaft 9 as the slides a a are reciprocated; but

each pinion has a spline adapted to a groove in the shaft, so that it must rotate therewith;

hence by turning the shaft in one direction or the other the nuts I) will be turned and the hammers D D advanced or retracted.

The lower clamping-die, B, is stationary, being confined to a block, h, on the frame; but the upper die, 13, is carried by a sliding box, H, guided in a vertical projection, H, of the frame, and acted upon by a spring, i, which is confined between the upper end of the box and the head 1" of a pendent bolt, i the effect of the spring thus being to elevate the box and the die carried thereby. The box is recessed for the passage of the upper arm of the slide a, and on said arm is a wedge-block, in, adapted to bear upon a corresponding wedge block, a, carried by the box H, the wedges being partly inclined and partly straight, as shown in Fig. 8, so that as the slide is moved to thrust the hammer D inward the wedges will engage with each. other and the clamp ingdie B will be depressed and locked in that position, so as to clamp the drill-rod before the hammers commence to act upon the same, the spring causing the elevation of the die as the wedge-block m is drawn back on the re-' verse movement of the hammer-slide a.

The drill-rod is clamped in a chuck, J, on a carriage, K, which is guided by and is free to slide on a tubular projection, M, of the frame, this movement being effected by a rack, 70, and pinion k, as shown in Figs. 9, 13, and

' 14. This movement is simply for the purpose of adjusting the drill-rod to the clamping-dies in the first instance, and for retracting the same after the forging operation is completed. The stem of the chuck has a movement independent of the carriage, this movement being that relied upon for feeding the drill-rod spirally during the forging operation.

The chuck consists simply of a pair of jaws operated by a right and left handed screwstem, 1), as shown in Figs. 9 and 15; or any other desired form of clamping-chuck may be used. The stem of the chuck is threaded and adapted to a nut, g, which can turn in but is confined longitudinally to the carriage, and said stem has a spline adapted to a groove in a shaft, P, secured to which is a worm-wheel, s, driven by a worm, t, Fig. 13,

. on a shaft, t, the latter being driven by bevel-gearing t t from a shaft, 10, and said shaft by spur-gearing'w 10 from a shaft, NV, which is furnished with a suitable hand-wheel, W,

Figs. 6 and 12, and carries a spur-wheel, WV, Fig. 9, gearing into a pinion, w, on the nut q. It will thus be seen that as the shaft W is while at the same time the chuck will be rotated by means of the spur-and-worm gearing and shaft P, the amount of feed of the chuck being due to the number of turns imparted to the nut g by its gearing in excess of those imparted to the stem by the shaft 1.

If desired, but one hammer may be used for indenting the drill-rod, and but one groove at a time may be formed in the same; but the use of two hammers is of course preferred.

My invention is distinct from the plan which has been proposed of forging twist-drills with two sets of dies, to the action. of which the drill-rod is alternately exposed, one set of dies having oblique ribs for forming the grooves in the rod, and the other set being swaging or reducing dies.

The main feature of my invention is in confining the drill-rod while the hammers act upon it so that lateral spreading is prevented, and subsequent reduction of the rod rendered unnecessary.

I claim as my invention- 1. The mode herein described of forging drills, said mode consisting in feeding the drill -rod longitudinally and subjecting the same to the action of a reciprocating hammer or hammers while it is confined, so as to prevent lateral spreading, as set forth.

2. The mode described of forging drills, said mode consisting in simultaneously turning and longitudinally feeding the drill-rod and sub jecting the same to the action of a reciprocating hammer or hammers while it is confined, so as to prevent lateral spreading, as set forth.

3. The combination of a pair of clampingdies, mechanism for feeding a drill-rod longitudinally through the same, a hammer arranged at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the drill-rod, and mechanism for reciprocating the hammer, as set forth.

4. The combination of the clamping-dies B B, the hammers D D, and a drill-rod-holding chuck, with mechanism, substantially as described, for operating the dies, reciprocating the hammers, and spirally feeding the chuck, as set forth.

5. The combination of the hammer or hammers, the clamping-dies B 13, having recesses d for the reception thereof, and mechanism, substantially as described, for reciprocating said hammer or hammers, opening and closing the dies, and feeding a drill-rod longitudinally through the same, as set forth.

6. The combination of the upper clampingdie, 13, and its wedge-block a, partly inclined and partly straight, the hammer-slide a and its wedge-block m, adapted to the block a, and a spring, 2', adapted to elevate the die B and maintain the wedge-blocks in contact with each other, as set forth.

7. The combination of the hammer-slide, the hammer adjustable therein, and having a threaded stem, nut adapted to said stem, a longitudinal shaft, 9, and mechanism, substantially as described, whereby said shaft g is to this specification 1'11 the presence of two subgeared to the nut, as set forth. scribing witnesses.

8. The combination of the earria e K T 7 threaded chuck-stem, nut q, shaft I, and ineeh CLALS X A} HAAGEN" 5 a-nism for rotating said shaft and nut, as set Witnesses:

forth. JOHN E. PARKER,

In testimen y whereof I have signed my name HARRY SMITH. 

